Serveur Minecraft Java + Bedrock : config avancée Linux

sudo apt update && sudo apt upgrade -y
sudo apt install -y openjdk-21-jre-headless wget unzip curl jq screen

java -version 2>&1 | head -1
## openjdk version "21.x.x"

sudo useradd -r -m -d /opt/minecraft -s /bin/bash minecraft
sudo mkdir -p /opt/minecraft/{java-server,bedrock-server,backups}
sudo chown -R minecraft:minecraft /opt/minecraft

sudo su - minecraft
cd ~/java-server

## Récupérer le lien du server.jar depuis le manifest officiel
SERVER_URL=$(curl -s https://launchermeta.mojang.com/mc/game/version_manifest_v2.json \
  | jq -r '.versions[] | select(.id == .latest.release) // empty' \
  || curl -s https://launchermeta.mojang.com/mc/game/version_manifest_v2.json \
  | jq -r '.versions[0].url' \
  | xargs curl -s \
  | jq -r '.downloads.server.url')

## Méthode simplifiée : télécharger depuis la page officielle
## https://www.minecraft.net/en-us/download/server
wget -O server.jar "$SERVER_URL" 2>/dev/null || \
  echo "Récupérez le lien manuellement sur minecraft.net/download/server"

## Premier lancement pour générer les fichiers de config
java -Xmx2G -Xms1G -jar server.jar nogui

## Accepter l'EULA
sed -i 's/eula=false/eula=true/' eula.txt

cat > server.properties << 'EOF'
## Réseau
server-port=25565
query.port=25565
enable-query=true
network-compression-threshold=256

## Jeu
gamemode=survival
difficulty=hard
max-players=20
view-distance=10
simulation-distance=8
spawn-protection=16
allow-flight=false
pvp=true

## Performance
max-tick-time=60000
entity-broadcast-range-percentage=100

## Sécurité
white-list=true
enforce-whitelist=true
online-mode=true
prevent-proxy-connections=false

## Affichage
motd=\u00a7b\u00a7lMon Serveur MC \u00a77- \u00a7aSurvival
server-name=MonServeurMC

## RCON (administration distante)
enable-rcon=true
rcon.port=25575
rcon.password=CHANGEZ_CE_MOT_DE_PASSE_ICI
EOF

## Script de lancement optimisé
cat > start.sh << 'SCRIPT'
#!/bin/bash
RAM_MAX="4G"
RAM_MIN="2G"

java \
  -Xmx${RAM_MAX} -Xms${RAM_MIN} \
  -XX:+UseG1GC \
  -XX:+ParallelRefProcEnabled \
  -XX:MaxGCPauseMillis=200 \
  -XX:+UnlockExperimentalVMOptions \
  -XX:+DisableExplicitGC \
  -XX:+AlwaysPreTouch \
  -XX:G1NewSizePercent=30 \
  -XX:G1MaxNewSizePercent=40 \
  -XX:G1HeapRegionSize=8M \
  -XX:G1ReservePercent=20 \
  -XX:G1HeapWastePercent=5 \
  -XX:G1MixedGCCountTarget=4 \
  -XX:InitiatingHeapOccupancyPercent=15 \
  -XX:G1MixedGCLiveThresholdPercent=90 \
  -XX:G1RSetUpdatingPauseTimePercent=5 \
  -XX:SurvivorRatio=32 \
  -XX:+PerfDisableSharedMem \
  -XX:MaxTenuringThreshold=1 \
  -Dusing.aikars.flags=https://mcflags.emc.gs \
  -Daikars.new.flags=true \
  -jar server.jar nogui
SCRIPT
chmod +x start.sh

## Télécharger Paper (remplacez le numéro de build par le dernier disponible)
## Vérifiez sur https://papermc.io/downloads/paper
PAPER_VERSION="1.21.11"
curl -s "https://api.papermc.io/v2/projects/paper/versions/${PAPER_VERSION}" \
  | jq -r '.builds[-1]' | xargs -I{} \
  wget -O paper.jar "https://api.papermc.io/v2/projects/paper/versions/${PAPER_VERSION}/builds/{}/downloads/paper-${PAPER_VERSION}-{}.jar"

## Utiliser paper.jar au lieu de server.jar dans start.sh
sed -i 's/server.jar/paper.jar/' start.sh

cd /opt/minecraft/bedrock-server

## Télécharger la dernière version du BDS
## Lien officiel : https://www.minecraft.net/en-us/download/server/bedrock
wget -O bedrock-server.zip "https://minecraft.azureedge.net/bin-linux/bedrock-server.zip"
unzip -o bedrock-server.zip
rm bedrock-server.zip
chmod +x bedrock_server

cat > server.properties << 'EOF'
server-name=MonServeurBedrock
gamemode=survival
difficulty=hard
max-players=10
server-port=19132
server-portv6=19133
level-name=MonMonde
level-seed=
online-mode=true
white-list=true
allow-cheats=false
view-distance=10
tick-distance=4
player-idle-timeout=30
max-threads=4
default-player-permission-level=member
texturepack-required=false
content-log-file-enabled=true
compression-threshold=1
server-authoritative-movement=server-auth
player-movement-score-threshold=20
player-movement-action-direction-threshold=0.85
server-authoritative-block-breaking=false
chat-restriction=None
disable-player-interaction=false
client-side-chunk-generation-enabled=true
block-network-ids-are-hashes=true
EOF

cat > start-bedrock.sh << 'SCRIPT'
#!/bin/bash
cd /opt/minecraft/bedrock-server
LD_LIBRARY_PATH=. ./bedrock_server
SCRIPT
chmod +x start-bedrock.sh

exit  # quitter l'utilisateur minecraft

sudo tee /etc/systemd/system/minecraft-java.service << 'EOF'
[Unit]
Description=Minecraft Java Edition Server
After=network-online.target
Wants=network-online.target

[Service]
User=minecraft
Group=minecraft
WorkingDirectory=/opt/minecraft/java-server
ExecStart=/opt/minecraft/java-server/start.sh
ExecStop=/usr/bin/screen -p 0 -S mc-java -X eval 'stuff "say Arrêt du serveur dans 10 secondes..."\015'
ExecStop=/bin/sleep 10
ExecStop=/usr/bin/screen -p 0 -S mc-java -X eval 'stuff "stop"\015'
Restart=on-failure
RestartSec=30
StandardInput=null
StandardOutput=journal
StandardError=journal

## Sécurité
NoNewPrivileges=true
PrivateTmp=true
ProtectSystem=strict
ReadWritePaths=/opt/minecraft/java-server
ProtectHome=true

## Limites
LimitNOFILE=65535
MemoryMax=5G

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF

sudo tee /etc/systemd/system/minecraft-bedrock.service << 'EOF'
[Unit]
Description=Minecraft Bedrock Dedicated Server
After=network-online.target
Wants=network-online.target

[Service]
User=minecraft
Group=minecraft
WorkingDirectory=/opt/minecraft/bedrock-server
Environment=LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/opt/minecraft/bedrock-server
ExecStart=/opt/minecraft/bedrock-server/bedrock_server
Restart=on-failure
RestartSec=30
StandardInput=null
StandardOutput=journal
StandardError=journal

## Sécurité
NoNewPrivileges=true
PrivateTmp=true
ProtectSystem=strict
ReadWritePaths=/opt/minecraft/bedrock-server
ProtectHome=true

## Limites
LimitNOFILE=65535
MemoryMax=3G

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF

sudo systemctl daemon-reload
sudo systemctl enable —now minecraft-java
sudo systemctl enable —now minecraft-bedrock

## Vérification
sudo systemctl status minecraft-java
sudo systemctl status minecraft-bedrock

## Java
sudo ufw allow 25565/tcp comment "Minecraft Java"

## Bedrock
sudo ufw allow 19132/udp comment "Minecraft Bedrock"
sudo ufw allow 19133/udp comment "Minecraft Bedrock IPv6"

## RCON (uniquement depuis le réseau local ou localhost)
sudo ufw allow from 127.0.0.1 to any port 25575 proto tcp comment "RCON local"

## Activer le pare-feu si pas déjà fait
sudo ufw enable
sudo ufw status verbose

sudo -u minecraft tee /opt/minecraft/backup.sh << 'BACKUP'
#!/bin/bash
## Script de sauvegarde Minecraft
## Exécuté par cron toutes les 6 heures

BACKUP_DIR="/opt/minecraft/backups"
DATE=$(date +%Y-%m-%d_%H-%M)
RETENTION=7  # jours

## Sauvegarde Java
if systemctl is-active —quiet minecraft-java; then
  # Désactiver l'écriture sur le monde pendant la copie
  screen -S mc-java -p 0 -X eval 'stuff "save-off"\015' 2>/dev/null
  screen -S mc-java -p 0 -X eval 'stuff "save-all"\015' 2>/dev/null
  sleep 5
  
  tar -czf "${BACKUP_DIR}/java-${DATE}.tar.gz" \
    -C /opt/minecraft/java-server \
    world world_nether world_the_end server.properties whitelist.json ops.json
  
  screen -S mc-java -p 0 -X eval 'stuff "save-on"\015' 2>/dev/null
fi

## Sauvegarde Bedrock
if systemctl is-active —quiet minecraft-bedrock; then
  tar -czf "${BACKUP_DIR}/bedrock-${DATE}.tar.gz" \
    -C /opt/minecraft/bedrock-server \
    worlds server.properties permissions.json whitelist.json
fi

## Nettoyage des anciennes sauvegardes
find "${BACKUP_DIR}" -name "*.tar.gz" -mtime +${RETENTION} -delete

echo "[$(date)] Backup terminé" >> /opt/minecraft/backups/backup.log
BACKUP

sudo chmod +x /opt/minecraft/backup.sh

sudo -u minecraft crontab -e

0 */6 * * * /opt/minecraft/backup.sh

sudo -u minecraft tee /opt/minecraft/check-status.sh << 'CHECK'
#!/bin/bash
## Vérification de l'état des serveurs Minecraft

JAVA_PORT=25565
BEDROCK_PORT=19132

## Check Java (TCP)
if nc -z localhost ${JAVA_PORT} 2>/dev/null; then
  echo "[OK] Java server actif (port ${JAVA_PORT})"
else
  echo "[ERREUR] Java server inactif"
fi

## Check Bedrock (UDP, test basique)
if systemctl is-active —quiet minecraft-bedrock; then
  echo "[OK] Bedrock server actif (systemd)"
else
  echo "[ERREUR] Bedrock server inactif"
fi

## Usage disque
echo "Espace utilisé :"
du -sh /opt/minecraft/java-server/world* 2>/dev/null
du -sh /opt/minecraft/bedrock-server/worlds* 2>/dev/null
du -sh /opt/minecraft/backups/
CHECK

sudo chmod +x /opt/minecraft/check-status.sh

sudo systemctl stop minecraft-java
sudo -u minecraft bash -c '
  cd /opt/minecraft/java-server
  cp server.jar server.jar.bak
  # Télécharger la nouvelle version depuis minecraft.net/download/server
  wget -O server.jar "NOUVEAU_LIEN_ICI"
'
sudo systemctl start minecraft-java

sudo systemctl stop minecraft-bedrock
sudo -u minecraft bash -c '
  cd /opt/minecraft/bedrock-server
  # Sauvegarder les fichiers de config
  cp server.properties server.properties.bak
  cp whitelist.json whitelist.json.bak
  cp permissions.json permissions.json.bak
  cp -r worlds worlds.bak
  
  # Télécharger et extraire la nouvelle version
  wget -O bedrock-server.zip "https://minecraft.azureedge.net/bin-linux/bedrock-server.zip"
  unzip -o bedrock-server.zip
  rm bedrock-server.zip
  
  # Restaurer les configs
  cp server.properties.bak server.properties
  cp whitelist.json.bak whitelist.json
  cp permissions.json.bak permissions.json
  cp -r worlds.bak/* worlds/
'
sudo systemctl start minecraft-bedrock

## Vérifier les logs
journalctl -u minecraft-java -n 50 —no-pager

## Erreurs fréquentes :
## "Unsupported Java version" → vérifier java -version (besoin de 21+)
## "Cannot allocate memory" → réduire -Xmx ou augmenter la RAM du VPS
## "Address already in use" → un autre processus utilise le port 25565
sudo ss -tlnp | grep 25565

journalctl -u minecraft-bedrock -n 50 —no-pager

## "Permission denied" → vérifier les droits
ls -la /opt/minecraft/bedrock-server/bedrock_server

## Librairies manquantes
ldd /opt/minecraft/bedrock-server/bedrock_server | grep "not found"

## Sur Ubuntu 24.04, il peut manquer libssl1.1
## Solution :
wget http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/main/o/openssl/libssl1.1_1.1.1f-1ubuntu2_amd64.deb
sudo dpkg -i libssl1.1_1.1.1f-1ubuntu2_amd64.deb

## Vérifier que les ports sont ouverts
sudo ufw status | grep -E '25565|19132'

## Tester la connectivité
nc -zv VOTRE_IP 25565  # Java
nc -zuv VOTRE_IP 19132  # Bedrock

## Vérifier que le serveur écoute
sudo ss -tlnp | grep 25565  # Java (TCP)
sudo ss -ulnp | grep 19132  # Bedrock (UDP)

## Si VPS : vérifier le firewall du provider (OVH, Hetzner, etc.)
## dans le panneau d'administration web

## Voir le TPS en temps réel (dans la console du serveur Java)
## Taper : tps

## Réduire la distance de rendu
## Dans server.properties :
## view-distance=8
## simulation-distance=6

## Si Paper : utiliser le profiler intégré
## Taper dans la console : spark profiler

/opt/minecraft/
├── java-server/
│   ├── server.jar (ou paper.jar)
│   ├── start.sh
│   ├── server.properties
│   ├── eula.txt
│   ├── whitelist.json
│   ├── ops.json
│   └── world/
├── bedrock-server/
│   ├── bedrock_server
│   ├── start-bedrock.sh
│   ├── server.properties
│   ├── whitelist.json
│   ├── permissions.json
│   └── worlds/
├── backups/
│   ├── java-2026-03-18_12-00.tar.gz
│   ├── bedrock-2026-03-18_12-00.tar.gz
│   └── backup.log
├── backup.sh
└── check-status.sh